Is AP English Language and Composition Hard? A Complete 2022 Guide | BestColleges (2023)

Learn about the AP English Language and Composition exam. Explore how the AP exam is scored and what a passing AP score is.

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Whitney Sandoval is a writer and educator who is passionate about accessibility, inclusion, and equity in education. Her work has also appeared in Healthline, What to Expect, and other parenting publications. Whitney earned a bachelor's degree in Eng...

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(Video) What To Expect on the AP ENGLISH LANGUAGE EXAM 2022 | Complete Breakdown

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  • AP courses are college-level classes offered at high schools.
  • AP English Language and Composition focuses on thinking critically about various texts.
  • The course's exam pass rate is lower than the overall average pass rate for all AP exams.
  • The test includes timed multiple-choice questions and three timed essays.

Advanced Placement (AP) courses introduce high school students to the rigorous demands of college academics. AP English Language and Composition is typically a junior-level course that can help prepare students to analyze and to think critically about a variety of texts.

The national AP English Language and Composition exam is offered each spring. In May 2021, 476,735 students worldwide took the exam.

AP courses are known for their quick pace and high level of independent work. So you may be wondering what the hardest AP classes and tests are — and if AP English Language and Composition is one of the harder AP exams.

Learn more about what to expect from AP English Language and Composition.

What Does AP English Language and Composition Cover?

Meant to cover a college-level introductory composition course, AP English Language and Composition focuses on understanding and being able to employ rhetoric.

Students read and analyze a variety of texts to understand how the author's style, structure, and language contribute to their rhetorical argument.

AP English Language and Composition also prepares students to organize their claims to create rhetorical essays. Students learn to form strong claims backed up with specific supportive evidence.

Generally, AP English Language and Composition develops students' abilities to use and understand the following:

  • Rhetorical Devices: Being able to read and identify rhetorical devices in pieces of writing and being able to employ rhetorical devices in your own essay writing
  • Claims and Evidence: being able to read and identify an author's claims and supporting evidence and being able to employ strong claims and evidence in your own essay writing
  • Style: Being able to identify an author's specific style choices and explain how those choices contribute to the author's argument

What Determines the Difficulty of AP English Language and Composition? 3 Key Factors

Before registering for an AP course, you should understand the requirements and level of commitment for the class. The AP English Language and Composition course can be challenging and rigorous.

The Pass Rate

The AP exam is scored on a scale from 1-5. A passing rate is considered a score of 3 or above. The overall pass rate of all AP courses was 71.13% in May 2020, with 19.57% of those test-takers receiving a perfect score of 5.

In comparison, the AP English Language and Composition exam had an overall pass rate of 62.1%, with only 12.6% of those scores being a perfect 5.

AP Exam Pass Rates
AP Class/ExamPass Rate (3 or Higher)Perfect Score (5)
AP English Language and Composition62.1%12.6%
All AP Classes71.13%19.57%

Source: College Board

Since the pass rate and the perfect score rate for the AP English Language and Composition exam is lower than the average of all AP exams, it may seem that AP Language and Composition is more difficult. However, ultimately, the difficulty of the course and exam heavily depends on the strength of the school and teacher.

The Course Material

AP English Language and Composition courses explore rhetorical nonfiction writing, including famous speeches, letters, and essays. The writing can be contemporary or date back several centuries.

Each teacher structures their AP English Language and Composition course differently. The amount of course material can also determine the difficulty of the course. If you have a heavy workload and are reading several pieces a week, or writing several essays a month, the course may feel more difficult.

(Video) How hard is AP Language 2022?

Your Subject Skills

How difficult a course is can be subjective and can rely heavily on whether or not the course covers subject matter you excel in. The following skills and strengths are good to have in an AP English Language and Composition course.

They include the ability to:

  • Read and interpret a variety of texts, including significantly older documents
  • Organize your thoughts into a strong academic essay
  • Cite evidence to support claims
  • Identify rhetorical devices in writing and understand how they are being used to create an argument

When Should You Take AP English Language and Composition?

Each school has its own policy on when you are allowed to take AP English Language and Composition. Although College Board does not have a specific grade requirement, most students are offered AP English Language and Composition in their junior year.

Taking the course during your first two years of high school may be challenging, since the course is college-level.

Students can also choose to take the course as a senior. However, many students decide to take AP English Language and Composition as juniors and then enroll in AP English Literature and Composition as seniors.

You should consider your strengths and the course workload while trying to decide when you should take AP English Language and Composition, as well as whether or not you should enroll in other AP classes at the same time.

AP English Language and Composition Exam: What You Need to Know

The following table breaks down how many students earned each of the exam scores. Learn more about how the exam is structured and scored.

AP English Language and Composition
Exam ScoreNumber of StudentsPercentage of Students
567,23512.6%
4109,43620.4%
3155,60129.1%
2140,13026.2%
163,07611.8%

Source: College Board

How Is the AP English Language and Composition Exam Structured?

The AP Language and Composition exam has two sections: a multiple-choice section and an essay section. Multiple-choice questions may cover reading comprehension, rhetorical devices, and writing strategies.

The second section has three free-response prompts. Test-takers must complete three essays. The three types of essay prompts are a rhetorical analysis, a synthesis essay, and an argument essay.

For the rhetorical analysis, students are given a written passage and must analyze and construct an essay on how that author's passage ties into a larger message or theme.

In the synthesis essay, students are provided several sources and must answer a prompt with an argumentative essay that incorporates evidence from the sources.

The third prompt asks students to construct an argument essay. Test-takers are then given a question, quote, or statement. They must create an essay that either agrees, disagrees, or qualifies the statement.

  • Section 1: 45 Multiple-Choice Questions (60 Minutes)
  • Section 2: Three Free-Response Questions (2 Hours and 15 Minutes)

How Is the AP English Language and Composition Exam Scored?

Every question in the multiple-choice section is worth 1 point. You are not penalized for having an incorrect answer or leaving an answer blank. This section is 45% of your overall exam score.

Each essay in the essay section of the AP English Language and Composition exam is scored separately on a scale of 0-9. These three scores are added together and averaged. The scorer then plugs your scores into a formula to get a composite score. Each composite number range correlates to a score of 1-5.

Because the essay section is weighted more heavily than the multiple-choice section, students who struggle with essay writing — especially timed essay writing — may have a difficult time with the exam.

Section 1 (45% of Exam Score)
Multiple-Choice Reading Questions23-25%
Multiple-Choice Writing Questions20-22%
Section 2 (55% of Exam Score)
Synthesis Question18.33%
Rhetorical Analysis Question18.33%
Argument Question18.33%

Source: College Board

AP English Language and Composition: What Score Do I Need for College Credit?

Although a 3 or higher is considered a passing score, each college sets its own policies for accepting AP credit. Typically, a score of 5 for an AP English Language and Composition exam will earn you some college-level composition credit at almost any school.

Some colleges may reward the same credits for a score of 4, or they may offer slightly less college credit. A score of 3 may yield some college credit depending on the school. Check to see what scores your prospective colleges accept.

Should I Take AP English Language and Composition?

AP English Language and Composition, like all AP classes, is a college-level course. Although the difficulty of the course may vary between instructors, you should expect an AP course to move faster than a regular high school class. It will also involve more independent work.

Most schools grade AP courses on a 5-point GPA scale instead of a 4-point scale, so even though the work may be more challenging, you may still be able to maintain a good GPA. Taking the exam is not a requirement of the AP course. So you can always choose not to take the test if you find the course was too challenging.

Ultimately, you need to decide for yourself which AP courses you should take.

Consider your strengths and what the demands of the AP English Language and Composition course are. Asking teachers and past students about the class is a great way to find out how difficult AP English Language and Composition is at your particular school.

(Video) What is AP English Language and Composition? | Coach Hall Writes

Frequently Asked Questions About AP English Language and Composition

Is AP English Language and Composition worth it?

Depending on your personal and future goals, AP English Language and Composition, or any AP course, can be worth it. If your goal is to earn college credit while in high school, AP courses allow you to do so while receiving the support of a high school teacher.

If you are a strong reader and writer, AP English Language and Composition can introduce you to college-level rigor. It can also help you advance your reading and writing skills before taking on a full-time college course load.

Do colleges care about AP English Language and Composition?

Completing an AP course and earning a decent grade and/or a passing AP exam score can show prospective colleges that you are capable of academically performing at the college level.

How many credits do you get for AP English Language and Composition?

The number of credits you can earn for an AP English Language and Composition exam depends on the college. Most colleges will reward credit for a score of 4 or 5.Although a score of 3 is considered passing, not as many colleges will accept it.

You can always check to see what scores your prospective colleges do accept and how much credit you can earn for those scores.

(Video) AP LANG | how to survive the class and the ap exam

Feature Image: JAG IMAGES / DigitalVision / Getty Images

FAQs

Is AP English Language and Composition Hard? A Complete 2022 Guide | BestColleges? ›

For the most recent exam cycle in 2022, the AP® English Language exam had a passing rate of 55.7% and a mean score of 2.83 (source). These numbers show that passing the AP® English Language exam is harder than average.

What is the pass rate for the AP English Language and Composition exam 2022? ›

For the most recent exam cycle in 2022, the AP® English Language exam had a passing rate of 55.7% and a mean score of 2.83 (source). These numbers show that passing the AP® English Language exam is harder than average.

Is the AP English Language and Composition exam hard? ›

AP English Language and Composition is considered moderate difficulty, with class alumnae rating it 5.2/10 for overall difficulty (the 16th-most-difficult out of the 28 large AP classes surveyed). The pass rate is lower than other AP classes, with 56% graduating with a 3 or higher.

What is the average score on the AP Lang exam 2022? ›

Thus, if you took the raw average of these seven years, the average AP® English Language score is 2.82.

Which AP tests are the hardest? ›

United States History, Biology, English Literature, Calculus BC, Physics C, and Chemistry are often named as the hardest AP classes and tests. These classes have large curriculums, tough tests, and conceptually difficult material.

What AP exam has the lowest pass rate? ›

At many high schools, AP Physics is notorious for its difficulty level. In addition, it has the lowest overall pass rate of any AP exam.

What is the easiest AP class? ›

Easiest AP exams by pass rate
  • AP Art & Design: Drawing.
  • AP Art & Design: 2-D.
  • AP Calculus BC.
  • AP Chinese Language.
  • AP English Literature.
  • AP French Language.
  • AP Government & Politics.
  • AP Italian Language.
Jan 13, 2023

Is AP English harder than honors? ›

AP classes, however, are more challenging than honors classes. These courses cover information, teach skills and give assignments that correspond to college classes. High school students taking AP courses will be held to the same standard as college students.

What are the hardest AP classes ranked? ›

Hardest AP exams by pass rate
  • AP Environmental Science.
  • AP European History.
  • AP Government & Politics United States.
  • AP Human Geography.
  • AP Latin.
  • AP Physics 1.
  • AP Psychology.
  • AP United States History.
Jan 24, 2023

What score is a 50% on the AP exam? ›

On most AP exams, a 50% will likely result in an AP score of 3. However, scoring a 50% on some of the harder AP exams such as AP Physics C: Electricity & Magnetism will earn you a 4.

Is the AP Lang exam curved? ›

AP exams aren't scored on a curve or norm-referenced. This means that the percentage of exams earning scores of 3s, 4s, and 5s can increase each year if a greater proportion of students demonstrates mastery of the material.

Has anyone gotten a perfect score on the AP Lang exam? ›

The perfect score means Zhang received the maximum score on each portion of the exam for a score of 108 out of 108. Zhang took the test in the spring when he was a sophomore. The school said 20 percent of students who took the test during that time earned a 5, the most since 2016.

Are late AP exams harder? ›

Is the late AP exam difficult? No, it is set according to the same curriculum, it is just a different set of questions than the first exam. The late AP exam questions are different from the first test for security reasons.

What happens if you fail an AP exam? ›

What happens if you fail an AP exam? If you fail an AP exam, you will not receive college credit for that course. The good news is that a failed exam does not affect your GPA. In addition, you can retake the AP exam the next year.

How hard is the AP English Literature and Composition exam? ›

AP English Literature and Composition is considered very hard, with class alumnae rating it 7.5/10 for overall difficulty (the 2nd-most-difficult out of the 28 large AP classes surveyed). The pass rate is higher than other AP classes, with 78% graduating with a 3 or higher.

Is 5 aps too much? ›

Take as many as you can handle without spreading yourself thin, and make sure you will have time to study for the ACT or SAT this year. An Ivy League hopeful might take 3 to 5 AP classes, while if you're aiming for less-selective schools, 2 to 4 would be enough.

Which AP test has the highest 5 rate? ›

AP Score Distributions
Exam51
AP Calculus BC41.2%6.8%
AP Computer Science A27.3%22.1%
AP Computer Science Principles11.4%16.6%
AP Statistics14.8%23.1%
1 more row

Do colleges care if you fail AP exam? ›

Colleges will not look at your score

According to the College Board, over 75% of admissions officers surveyed said that a poor AP score would have no impact on an application. If you are still worried that your college may be off put by a low score, you can opt not to send your AP score.

What percent of AP students fail? ›

All AP exams have a passing rate of at least 50%.

What percent of people fail AP Exams? ›

(AP tests are scored between 1 and 5, with anything 3 and higher considered passing.) Most AP tests have a pass rate of around 60% or higher.

What is the least common AP class? ›

What are the least popular AP exams?
  • AP Italian (2,102 test-takers)
  • AP Japanese (2,204 test-takers)
  • AP German (4,315 test-takers)
  • AP 3-D Art and Design (4,573 test-takers)
  • AP Latin (4,889 test-takers)

What is the second hardest AP class? ›

Environmental Science:

The second hardest AP class is environmental science, with a passing rate of 53.4%. This class is often known for students underestimating the course. It's 2 hours and 40 minutes exam with 80 MCQs and 3 free-response questions. It provides methodologies, concepts, scientific principles.

What AP class has the lowest 5 rate? ›

AP Physics 1

Physics 1 has the lowest pass rate of any AP exam (43.3%) along with one of the lowest percentages of students scoring a 5 (just 7.9%). Physics 1 is an algebra-based physics class that explores topics such as Newtonian mechanics, simple circuits, and mechanical waves.

Do colleges prefer AP or honors? ›

Colleges like them both. Both honors and AP courses are rigorous courses that most high schools weight more heavily on your transcript. AP courses, however, culminate in the AP Exam. Good AP scores show colleges you are ready to succeed at college-level work and can even earn you college credits.

Do colleges prefer AP over honors? ›

Many state colleges like to see applicants with honors classes, as it shows commitment and determination. The country's most prestigious schools, such as Ivy League institutions, usually prefer AP classes on transcripts. These standardized courses can help schools compare applicants more directly.

Is AP English worth taking? ›

While many may complain about the difficulty of the workload throughout the year, AP Lang is very rewarding for students who complete the course. You'll find that this course will help you out beyond high school. So we vote yes!

What AP class has the highest passing rate? ›

AP classes passing rates
  • Chinese Language and Culture: 88.2%
  • Art and Design: 86.2%
  • Seminar: 85.0%
  • Research: 81.5%
  • Spanish Language and Culture: 80.0%
  • Calculus BC: 75.2%
  • Japanese Language and Culture: 74.3%
  • Physics C: Mechanics: 73.5%
Oct 31, 2022

How many AP classes is impressive? ›

To be competitive at some of the most highly selective colleges in the country, 8-12 AP courses may be the sweet spot amount, assuming the student can handle that level of rigor. There are no colleges out there that require you to take 14, 17, or some other obscene number of Advanced Placement offerings.

Which AP class gives the most credits? ›

It gives college credit for every AP exam, and you generally only need to score a 3 to get college credit (although higher scores often earn you more credit). Math, science, and foreign language exams tend to give the most credit.

What is a 70% on an AP test? ›

Usually, a 70 to 75 percent out of 100 translates to a 5. However, there are some exams that are exceptions to this rule of thumb. The AP Grades that are reported to students, high schools, colleges, and universities in July are on AP's five-point scale: 5: Extremely well qualified.

What is a 75% on an AP test? ›

AP Scale Grading
If you got a percentage of...If you got a raw score of... (For FINAL EXAM)Your letter Grade will be...
87% or above94-108A+
75-86%81-94A
63-85%68-80A-
57-62%62-67B+
9 more rows

Is a B+ in an AP class good? ›

In summary:

In theory, a “B" in an AP or honors class is “better" than an “A" in a regular class, but many applicants to top colleges will have all A's in the top classes.

How do you ace AP English? ›

Strategies for AP Lang Multiple Choice
  1. Answer all the questions. ...
  2. Don't spend too long on one question.
  3. Use the process of elimination to eliminate 2-3 answer choices. ...
  4. Look closely at the nuances of word choice within the answer choices.
  5. Make sure your selected answer actually answers the question being asked.
Oct 25, 2022

What is the sophistication point in AP Lang? ›

The language on the rubric for earning the sophistication point declares that the essay must “demonstrate[s] sophistication of thought and/or develop[s] a complex literary argument.” This is the same statement for all three essay types on the exam: the Poetry Analysis, the Prose Fiction Analysis, and the Literary ...

Is a 2 on the AP Lang exam bad? ›

Students who earn AP scores of 2 are well prepared to succeed in introductory college coursework. Compared to academically similar college peers who did not take the AP course, AP students who earn scores of 2 perform as well or better when they take those introductory college courses.

Has anyone ever aced an AP Exam? ›

It was pretty surprising," said Felix Zhang, a Penn High School junior. Zhang is the only student in the entire world -- ever -- to earn a perfect score. He didn't miss a single point. "I wanted to do well on it, and I prepared a lot, but I never actually thought about getting a perfect score before," Zhang said.

Can you see your AP answers? ›

If you've taken an AP Exam and want to review your answers to the free-response section, you can request your free-response booklet pages be sent to you.

Does it look bad to retake an AP Exam? ›

If you score a 3 or above on an AP test a retake unless you're absolutely set on earning college credit for your work. Ultimately, your AP score will have minimal impact on your admission chances unless you're applying to the most selective colleges with 1s and 2s.

Is it normal to fail your first AP test? ›

First, it's important to know that you are not alone in this situation. Many students, especially those taking an AP for the first time, will fail to score the 3 needed to receive college credit. It's important for AP students to go through the following checklist and make the best of a bad situation.

Should I send bad AP scores to colleges? ›

Will a bad AP exam score impact college admission decisions? No, colleges consider many factors outside of AP scores when deciding whether to admit an applicant. Generally, students should only submit high AP scores and for subjects related to their major.

Is AP English Language harder than AP English Literature? ›

Both AP English classes will improve your writing skills. The main difference between the two is what types of reading they focus on. 2022's exam results suggest that the AP Language exam is more difficult to pass than AP Literature, but ultimately, this can change student to student.

Which is easier AP English Language or literature? ›

The AP English tests are equally difficult, but for AP lit, you have to read many books and do deep learning for all of them. Therefore, it requires more time and patience. On the other hand, while AP lang needs less reading, the writing part is equal for both.

Should I take AP English Language and Composition exam? ›

AP® English Language and Composition is a fantastic way to improve your skills in writing and analysis—not to mention give you college credit before you even set foot on campus.

How many people got a 5 on AP Lang exam 2022? ›

One out of every 10 students who took the AP English Language and Composition exam scored a 5. The highest percentage of students (30 percent) scored a 2. In general, students scored higher on the Synthesis essay and the Rhetorical Analysis essay than on the Argument essay.

Which AP tests have the highest pass rate? ›

AP classes passing rates
  • Chinese Language and Culture: 88.2%
  • Art and Design: 86.2%
  • Seminar: 85.0%
  • Research: 81.5%
  • Spanish Language and Culture: 80.0%
  • Calculus BC: 75.2%
  • Japanese Language and Culture: 74.3%
  • Physics C: Mechanics: 73.5%
Oct 31, 2022

What is the pass rate for AP US Gov 2022? ›

The Pass Rate
AP ExamPass Rate (3 or Higher)Perfect Score (5)
AP U.S. Government and Politics57.5%15.5%
All AP Exams71.13%19.57%

Is a 75% on the AP exam a 5? ›

Usually, a 70 to 75 percent out of 100 translates to a 5. However, there are some exams that are exceptions to this rule of thumb. The AP Grades that are reported to students, high schools, colleges, and universities in July are on AP's five-point scale: 5: Extremely well qualified.

Are AP exams curved 2022? ›

No AP exams are scored on a curve, ever.

Are AP tests curved? ›

Yes, there's a curve on AP exams, especially in relation to the AP Physics C tests. They have a heavy curve, as can be seen by the scoring distributions. A large majority of the test takers pass the exam, and 50 percent score a 5.

Is a 50% a 5 on the AP test? ›

Is a 50% a 5 on the AP Test? No, if you only answer 50% of the questions correctly on an AP test, you are extremely unlikely to score a 5. As an example, one of the hardest AP exams, AP Physics C: Mechanics, had a 55.6% cutoff to earn a 5 in 2022.

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2. 2022 AP Exams FRQ Roast
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3. Improve Your Scores NOW: 5 Tips to Better Your AP* English Multiple Choice
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4. AP Lang is Hard! This WILL Help! (Ultimate Review Packet)
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6. AP English Language Exam: Multiple-Choice Reading Comprehension
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